View source for Edward Hyde 1609-1674

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===[[name::Edward]] [[name::HYDE]], 1st [[personal title::Earl of Clarendon]]  [[date of birth::1609]]-[[date of death::1674]]===
[[File:HydeEdward1.jpg| thumb | Armorial stamp of Edward Hyde (British Armorial Bindings) ]]
[[File:HydeEdward2.jpg| thumb | Armorial stamp of Edward Hyde (British Armorial Bindings) ]]

====Biographical Note====
Born at [[place of birth::Dinton, Wiltshire]], son of [[family::Henry Hyde]], gentleman.  BA [[education::Magdalen Hall, Oxford]] 1626, admitted [[organisations::Middle Temple]] 1626 ([[occupation::barrister]], 1633).  Developed a successful legal career; [[occupation::MP]] for [[location::Wootton Bassett]], 1640.  Became increasingly involved in royal affairs as a drafter of documents for the King; knighted, and appointed to the Privy Council , 1643.  Moved to [[location::Jersey]] with [[associates::Prince Charles]] 1646, moved to the continent 1648 and spent the Interregnum involved in a range of diplomatic and political activities as a close [[occupation::advisor]] to Charles.  [[occupation::Lord Chancellor]] 1658, created [[personal title::Earl of Clarendon]] 1661; [[occupation::Chancellor]] of [[organisations::University of Oxford|Oxford University]], 1660.  Dismissed from office 1667, moved in exile to [[location::France]] where he died.  His [[book title::''History of the rebellion'']] was first published in [[date of publication::1702]]-[[date of publication::1704|04]].

====Books====
Hyde was an active acquirer of books throughout his legal and political career.  He is known to have considered purchasing [[crossreference::John Williams]]’s library when it was sequestered in 1637.  His pre-Civil War library was seized in 1643 but ultimately returned to him in 1660.  During his years abroad, travelling with the exiled court, his correspondence reveals constant activity in obtaining books, often bought for him by diplomatic contacts across Europe.  He returned from a mission to [[location::Spain]] in 1648 with “three trunks and a cabinet” of [[language::Spanish]] books.  Developed a liking for French bindings while abroad, and tried to persuade his Parisian binder to move to [[location::England]] in 1660; later known to have patronised the [[location::London]] binder [[associates::William Nott]].  [[crossreference::John_Evelyn_1620-1706|John Evelyn]] recorded “a very ample library”, furnished with portraits, when he visited [[location::Clarendon House]] in [[location::London]] in 1667.  The library passed to his son [[subsequent owner::Henry Hyde|Henry]], 2nd [[personal title::Earl of Clarendon|Earl]] when he died, who added to it substantially, before much of the combined collection was sold at [[auction::auction]] in [[date of auction::1709]]. [[format::manuscript|Manuscripts]] from the collections of the first three Earls of Clarendon were sold at [[auction::auction]] in [[date of auction::1764]].  Examples: National Art Library Clements W2; Christie’s 16.12.1991/183.

====Characteristic Markings====  
Used three armorial stamps, one incorporating the family arms, and two smaller ones using the crest.

====Sources==== 
<div id="sourcelist">
*The Ware-Clarendon manuscripts, ''Bodleian Library Record'' 6 (1960), 586-7. 
*Alston, R. C. ''Inventory of sale catalogues 1676-1800''.  St Philip, 2010.
*Gwynn, L. The architecture of the English domestic library, 1600-1700, ''Library & Information History'' 26 (2010), 56-69.
*Hardacre, P. Portrait of a bibliophile: I: Edward Hyde, ''The Book Colletor'' 7 (1958), 361-8.  
*Seaward, Paul. [https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/14328 "Hyde, Edward, first earl of Clarendon (1609–1674), politician and historian."] ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''.
*[https://celm-ms.org.uk/introductions/ClarendonEdwardHyde.html Edward Hyde, ''Catalogue of English Literary Manuscripts 1450-1700''].
</div>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hyde, Edward}}

[[Category:Judges and Lawyers]]
[[Category:Aristocracy]]
[[Category:Earls]]
[[Category:Members of Parliament]]
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[[Category:Libraries Sold at Auction]]
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